Abstract: The remote sensing device puts forward requirements for wide range, large dynamic, and high radiation resolution because of the characteristics of full sea areas, all-time, all-weather, and all-direction in ocean remote sensing field. With nearly 30 years of development, four ocean color observation HY-1A/B/C/D Satellites and a new generation of ocean color observation satellite (HY-3A), have been launched in China, forming ocean color observation satellite series and sustainable operational capability for remote sensing. The technical characteristics of ocean color remote sensing were analyzed, followed by the introduction of the overall design scheme and the technological innovation points of the new generation ocean color observation satellite. The application achievements of the new generation ocean color observation satellite were also presented. The shortcomings of the existing ocean color observation satellite technology were discussed, providing references for improving China's comprehensive remote sensing capability in ocean color observation.