Abstract: Addressing the characteristics of numerous moving parts in the payload, high imaging quality requirements, and long on-orbit operational life in the new generation ocean color observation satellite, the key technical risks were analysed and innovative control solutions were designed and verified. Based on the control of both the entire development cycle and all product hierarchy levels, significant risk control work was carried out, specifically focusing on payload components. Meanwhile, key control measures were implemented for production process management and the verification of critical components. The verification results demonstrate that with this solution, all the risks are controlled effectively without quality issues during the formal prototype development phase, while the specification requirements for both imaging and the entire satellite are met, providing a valuable reference for subsequent similar satellite design.